저자: 미상 · 외국인
요약 보기
블록체인이 모든 비트코인 거래 내역을 저장하는 공개 장부라는 입문 설명 영상이다. 블록체인은 어느 지갑이 비트코인을 얼마나 보유하는지, 블록이 몇 개 생성됐는지, 유통량, 주소 간 송금 내역과 금액을 모두 담는다. 은행 거래 내역과 비교하면 이름 대신 지갑 주소만 기록된다는 차이가 있다. 블록체인 사본은 네트워크에 연결된 각 클라이언트 컴퓨터에 저장되며, 모두가 같은 사본을 가지므로 위조나 변조가 사실상 어렵다는 점을 강조한다. 변조된 사본은 다른 사용자들의 정상 사본과 대조하면 바로 드러난다고 설명한다. 블록체인 탐색 사이트에서 실시간 거래와 블록 정보, 블록 생성자가 받는 수수료 등을 확인하는 방법을 시연한다. 전체 비트코인 2,100만 개 중 약 1,589만 개(약 75.7%)가 유통 중이라고 언급한다. 발표자는 자신의 bitcoin.de 주소에 2013년부터 입금된 내역을 예로 들며, 주소와 실명이 연결되면 익명성이 약해진다고 설명한다. 블록체인 크기는 현재 수 기가바이트 수준이며, 저장장치 용량 증가로 향후 문제는 크지 않을 것이라고 본다. 영상은 초보자용 외부 학습 사이트를 소개하고 구독과 후원을 요청하며 마무리된다. 대상 자산에 대한 가격 방향 예측 발언은 없다.
다듬은 글
Hier ist die Bereinigung des Transkripts. Hinweis: Das Original ist eine automatische Untertitelung und enthält viele Fehler. Ich habe es auf Deutsch übertragen? Nein, die Vorgabe lautet, die Originalsprache beizubehalten. Daher bleibt das Transkript auf Englisch, nur leicht gesäubert und inhaltlich unverändert.
Hello everyone, today I want to explain the blockchain to you and give you an easy introduction to the world of Bitcoin. The first question is: what is the blockchain? The answer is relatively simple: the blockchain stores all transactions ever made. It determines which wallet holds how many Bitcoins. It also stores how many blocks have been created, how many Bitcoins are currently in circulation, which address sent what—that is, from which address to which address—and the amount sent.
So, practically speaking, you can say it is the entire transaction history. If you compare it to the banking system, it would be like having the complete history of who transferred money to whom and how much was sent. However, it is not quite so personal. There are no names like "Mr. Müller sent something to Mrs. Müller." Instead, there are only addresses, so-called wallet addresses. This way, you know which wallet address sent a specific number of Bitcoins to a particular address on a given day. The whole thing is publicly accessible; anyone can verify it, even in 200 years.
But who actually has this entire database with all this data? It must be a huge file where everything is stored. And how does this website know, for example, when something was sent to Vienna and from which address? The blockchain is stored on every client connected to the network. Everyone has a copy of the blockchain on their computer, provided they have it installed and do not use an online wallet. Online betting providers have also downloaded the entire blockchain, and this is the only way to make the whole system tamper-proof.
Since everyone has the same copy, forgery is virtually impossible. If someone has a different, altered blockchain, everyone else still has the correct one, and this prevents fraud. Suppose someone has the altered blockchain in which they supposedly transferred a million Bitcoins to their address in a modified block 10. It is compared with the others, and it immediately becomes apparent that the whole thing is not as it seems. And the person who changed it does not actually have it now.
Of course, this is a relatively simplified explanation; the whole thing is a bit more complicated, but I think this gives you a good idea. So you can see what it all looks like live: there is now a page that reads the blocks. That means it is a fully synchronized block chain with the network.
To show you what it looks like, I accessed blockchain.de as an example. There is also blockchain.info, or you can even read your own blockchain on your computer. It then opens the console window, where you can see the data and read it yourself. But this is, of course, simpler and better presented graphically.
Here we have all the information relatively easily at a glance—for example, the last created block and how many transactions were in it, that is, how many people sent Bitcoins via this block, and how high the fees were from everyone who carried out their transactions there. The person who created the block also receives this block fee of 0.636. In this case, the person who created this block receives it.
Here is a really good tip, I would say: "days destroyed." You might wonder what that means. If the coins, say, were held in the same account for a total of 40,1553 days, and each of these 2,220 transactions had sent one Bitcoin that had been held for one day, then we would have "destroyed" 2,220 days, so to speak. This is more important for proof-of-stake, but it is still a nice little indicator.
Here we see the live transactions, the people currently sending their Bitcoins from A to B. These are sometimes quite large amounts, such as 66 or 7, and sometimes smaller ones. If we click on them, we can even see exactly who sent what to whom. As I said, everything is publicly viewable, and even in 100 years we could see that someone sent 9 BTC to someone else, and so on.
Here we also see other interesting things. Currently there are 15.896 million Bitcoins in circulation out of the 21 million that will eventually be created. That means we already have 75.7 percent of all Bitcoins that will ever be in circulation.
Now let's look again, as an example, at all the Bitcoins that have flowed to my bitcoin.de address since the very beginning, when I started with Bitcoins and created the address. The first transaction actually went to this address on November 17, 2013. I myself sent 0.01 BTC from my USB drive at the time. In total, the address has received 53.24 Bitcoins, and of course there is nothing on it right now, because it is managed by bitcoin.de and not by me personally.
It is a hot wallet, so to speak—a wallet permanently connected to the network. They are all made on cold wallets, meaning they were created on offline computers. The difference between hot and cold wallets I can gladly explain in more detail. Please ask any questions in the comments so I know you are interested.
Let's take a quick look at a few transactions. You just need to enter the address into your browser, regardless of which one you use, and you will see the same thing everywhere. As I said, every blockchain is the same. You can see when and how much was deposited, and if you go far enough back, you can even look at 2013. What was deposited back then came from my own products, so with the story behind it, you now know how these amounts came about.
The more you know, the less anonymous the system becomes. If you know I am behind this address, you already have a name associated with it. If I suddenly had a million—okay, that is perhaps an exaggeration, but if I had 1,000 Bitcoins there—you would know that this person is really rich. Where did he get the money? Is he involved in shady dealings? Maybe he just made a lot of money on the stock market. But since the address is linked to a name, you can trace it all. Without a name attached to an address, it is obviously difficult. But as soon as you have some information, it is no longer anonymous. Bitcoin is not anonymous either, as this example shows.
To avoid overwhelming you, I would like to end the video here. I hope I was able to give you a little insight into the blockchain. Maybe I will make a second video if a lot of questions come up.
Before I finish, I want to briefly show you a website I mentioned at the beginning. I just found it while looking around. It is really cool, and if you want to start with Bitcoins, it is all in English, but the explanations are excellent. You can click through it and read it. I have not read it all yet, but I have read parts of it before, and I found it well explained. You get a feel for how it all works and what you can do with it. As I said, I run this site, so for beginners I can recommend it. At the end, you also get a link to an online wallet.
The blockchain is quite large by now, several gigabytes. At some point that will become difficult, but since hard drives and SSDs keep getting bigger, it should not be a problem in the future either. When we eventually have 100-terabyte drives, ten terabytes of blockchain will not make much difference. It is not ten terabytes right now, but it will naturally continue to grow. There are solutions for that too, but that goes beyond the scope of this video.
I had actually wanted to end the video a long time ago, so at this point I would be happy to receive your feedback, comments, and questions. See you in the next video! If you have not subscribed yet, please click subscribe so you do not miss any of my videos. See you then! If you liked the video and would like to support future videos, take a look at my suggestions. All the important links are also in the description. Thank you!
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