저자: JeffreyTucker · 외국인
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이 영상은 투자 조언이 아니라 비트코인의 기술적·철학적 의미를 설명하는 강연이다. 강연자는 자신이 처음에 비트코인을 무시했다가 기술의 의미를 이해하고 전향한 경험을 소개하며, 겸손과 열린 마음의 중요성을 강조한다. 정보의 본질에 관한 논의에서는 정보는 희소재인 물질과 달리 무한 복제가 가능하고, 변형이 쉬우며, 중앙 실패 지점이 없어 소멸시키기 어렵다고 설명한다. 디지털화로 경제가 성장해 왔다는 주장도 덧붙인다. 법과 화폐는 디지털화가 어려운 핵심 제도인데, 법은 변형되지 않는 불변 단위가 필요하고 화폐는 복제 불가능한 희소성이 필요하다고 본다. 기존 디지털 화폐 시도는 복제 문제를 풀지 못했다는 진단이다. 2008년 사토시 나카모토의 백서가 이 두 문제를 해결하는 분산 원장(블록체인) 구조를 제시했다고 소개한다. 강연자는 2009년 10월 5일 비트코인이 처음 시장 가격을 얻은 날을 역사적 전환점으로 본다. 비트코인은 금융 포용, 국가 바깥의 자발적 법 집행, 새로운 자발적 결사의 가능성을 열었다고 평가하며, 낙관적 전망을 제시한다. 강연에서 특정 종목이나 자산의 향후 1~3개월 가격 방향에 대한 발언은 없다. 장기적 기술·사회적 낙관론만 존재한다.
다듬은 글
thank you so very much I have to warn you I will be talking about Bitcoin so I was about to say don't leave right because so often discussions about Bitcoin are dreadfully dull II can't understand any of it there's a site website called clickhole if you know it it's wonderful they ran a video the other day called watch this this mumbling man explained Bitcoin and he says what is Bitcoin Bitcoin superior currency if javis on his own rounds month I see you guys are not on a thing called the blockchain and more or less that's why most Bitcoin explanations take place right it's terrible so I don't want to do that I would like to explain it to you without using a lot of technical jargon at all and explain why it's about a lot more than Bitcoin it's about human liberation itself so why is this important to me and why is it impressed so cuz I only have like 12 minutes and to speak like this is once a lifetime opportunity for me I had to choose whatever subject I want it's just important to me because Bitcoin destroyed everything I thought I knew about how the world works I thought I knew everything was to know about money I thought I knew all about information I thought I knew all about the relationship between governments mark and I knew everything and one thing I knew for sure is that there could be no such thing as Bitcoin so when it was first sent to me and for me like 2010 I deleted it I thought crazy nutty forget it that's and it was sent to me again you know later that year oh here we go with the crazy Bitcoin nerds again forget it and so on I was encouraged ulis towards this technology and it'll all change for me and I found myself very surprised we live an age of surprise really the world we live in now nobody could have imagined existed ten years ago we keep you know day today be and surprised by everything and yet we're still weirdly surprised by surprise right so Bitcoin taught me something important the value of humility the importance of you know keeping an open mind and remembering that however much you think you know about a subject there's probably things you don't know so in the meantime I became converted and I've thought a lot about now why it worked I found myself in a very weird position of embracing the technology and a reality that I did not understand you know I just kind of threw myself into it I thought this is real I don't know why it's real I'm gonna go with that I wrote a lot of articles about it and that sort of thing it's like that old Groucho Marx line who you gonna believe me or your own eyes right so I was in the position of five just having to believe by an own eyes instead of my intellect right but in the meantime I've come around intellectually on it in a way that I think is a little bit unique and I'd like to share that with you without using complicated descriptions of cryptography or whatever kind of blah blah blah you'll be use to Phyllis and in your face okay so let's start this way and I hope this works when you're a kid and you're at a birthday party did you ever play a game called the broken telephone sometimes called rumours sometimes called the Chinese whispers so we don't call it that now so but yeah well you know how the game works right so you get a kids that your group of kids lined up and you give one of them a phrase if just be any phrase like box turtles sleep underground and eat bugs in winter you know and then they pass it to the next person they pass it to the next person after about the chance person it comes out on the other side and the person right down writes down the phrase and it turns out to be something completely different you know like Jeffery Tucker's speaking on Bitcoin a voice an accent you know something like that just something completely unrelated and it's shocking is shocking to the kids shocking to everybody and the reason is that a lot is lost in translation as the information moves from person to person and the point of the game of course is to warn kids against gossip right and it's a good warning it helps you understand that you have to be very distrustful of information you hear it may not be accurate but actually I think it teaches us other things about the nature of information information is a very unusual thing it's different from the physical world in fact I think you can divide the whole world conceptually between two kinds of goods those which are scarce and those which are not scarce or those which constitute the realm of ideas and that which embodies the realm of the material world two very different things so in the child's game that's fascinating right one person has a bundle of information passes a child but it's not really passing that information it's an attempt to make a copy of that information and reproduce that information and another person's mind so that's I think the first lesson we learned from the game that information is is reproducible infinitely for example if the child had passed his shoe right then then that shoe would have left the possession of one person and edited into the possession of another person because it's a scarce good so there's a contest over the shoe but with information that's not really necessary you just reproduce it you can create a copy of it another thing we learn and that's also actually it's like it's like Jesus with the loaves and fishes or something you know it's like a guy shows up and loads of fishes and says what Master that's not enough to feed the multitudes he says not a problem and through some means we're never explained you know the masses were full of fed with just a couple of loaves of fishes right it's amazing that's what information does it feeds the multitudes with just one unit that's awesome another thing that's notable about information that you get from the story is that it is malleable when it passes from one person to another it may not enter into their mind their same way that it left the mind but the other person doesn't really leave that mind does not reproduce exactly the same way and what's more interesting about it is that the individual mind can change that information into something else and you can't do that with the physical world it's only the information world you can do that with another third thing that's interesting about it is that once you pass on information through three people thirty people three hundred people three billion people there becomes no central point of failure for the death of this information it becomes there's a certain durability to the information so you can keep trying to kill off the people that have it but it keeps perpetuating itself you know it's like a like a Hydra anytime you put anything in the information world it becomes that so what does this mean for our times well we live at a digital age the information age they say right what we've been doing is migrating as much stuff as possible out of the physical world into the digital world why because it's more wonderful because once you digitize anything becomes infinitely reproducible endlessly malleable so you can keep trying new iterations of things getting better and better and better at it and there's no point of failure so that that information just keeps hurling itself onward into the future without any depreciation or devaluation I mean that's that's epic I mean you're leaving really the realm of scarcity entry into the realm of knowledge on scarcity and that's essentially why we've been experiencing I believe so much economic growth around the world why the world keeps getting to be a better and better place because of this great migration out of the constraints of the physical world into the digital world part one now part two there's a problem as it relates to two critical institutions we've never been able to figure out how to digitize two really critical functions of the nation-state one is law and two is money because the mere the sheer malleability of information means that it's not very good for law law you want to be non malleable you want it to be indestructible you want it to be maybe infinitely reducible but you don't really want it to be malleable you want it to be the same in all places so in order for law to be digitized we have to come up with a system that creates non malleable commodified information units in the realm of money that's where it gets really strange for about the last 25 years or 30 years people have been trying to come up with a digital money it's really important for digital commerce I mean you can't forever be using these antique systems and Vince of the 1950s that rely on trust and credit cards that only that only involve the first world they seriously limit people's that by the way I'm tired of having my credit card stolen I'm sick of the whole thing that the whole industry is is is a disaster we need it we need something that's really digital we need a digital money but nobody could figure out how to do it because nobody had solved the problem of reproducibility that's something you don't really want with money you don't want the ability to infinite reproduce it because that reduces its value and reduces its functionality and by the way this is one of the big problems with central banking right I mean you watch you want you want money to be a scarce good you want it to behave like physical property not like digital property of the infinite reproductive bility reproducibility okay nonetheless twenty years went by and 2008 a white paper came out written by an anonymous programmer known as Satoshi Nakamoto who proposed a solution to both the problem of digitization of law and the digitization of money and the solution involves a ledger that is distributed all over the world to get into that ledger and to make some difference in the ledger requires some proof of work that you've done he chose CPU power he wanted it to be an on trust system so you didn't have to know people's identities so you use cryptography to encrypt that information public key cryptography in particular and the ledger lives simultaneously all over the world it's not just in one small place but it's it's all over the world the result was something that was amazing but perfectly valueless for ten months until October the 5th of 2009 which I believe was the great hinge of history that's when everything changed and hardly anybody noticed in fact only about a hundred people noticed Bitcoin which is the marker the digital unit that causes the blockchain to work the distributed ledger to work obtained a value obtained a market price it was only one 19th or so of one penny but doesn't matter doesn't matter fizz attrition dollars they're only just this tiny micro unit what matters is has suddenly had a price my friends what that told us was that this was actually possible and that was awesome from then the rest of the history just writes itself and really doesn't matter it's just been a matter people getting really excited about something but the big change happened already in 2009 what does it mean for the future I think it means the globalization of money the inclusion of billions of people into the world financial economy who haven't previously been there so they can contribute their value to the worldwide division of labor in ways that have never been possible it raises the possibility of a non-contiguous creation and enforcement voluntary enforcement of legal institutions we've traditionally associated with the nation-state it means the inclusion of all of humanity in the creation of new kinds of of regimes that are voluntary and new kinds of associations like we've never seen before and it's in a sense I think it's the most exciting thing that's ever happened to humanity let me take you back now to this children's game imagine if that first child was a bundle of information could have put that information in an unbreakable round glass and being able to hurl it across the room that and it was caught by another person and could be read only by that person and that person could have hurled it over to the next town and over to the next country and that there were an infinite number of these little balls that were designed to convey certain commodified but into information units and we're travelling peer-to-peer all over the world the game would change very dramatically that's what's happening in our world right now as we're speaking the blockchain is working it is right now changing our world because it's fundamental it upsets everything it allows the commodification individuation of non-formal information units that could be ported globally without regard to the nation state or any existing power structure and the world yes there will be humps between now and there but my friends let us realize something amazing we live in remarkable times to be alive and the age of Bitcoin is necessarily to live in an age of optimism and surprise and bright hopes for Humanity thank you very much you
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