저자: 제이미다이먼 · 외국인
요약 보기
결론: 블록체인 기술은 유망하나 암호화폐 자체는 가치 뒷받침이 없어 부정적이며, 미국은 규제 명확성 부족으로 뒤처지고 있다는 청문회 발언 모음. 블록체인 기술과 규제 필요성: 블록체인이 금융 시스템, 사이버보안, 스타트업 자금조달을 바꾸고 있으며 미국은 규제 불확실성 때문에 뒤처져 있다는 주장. 하원 의원들이 규제 명확성을 주는 법안을 발의했다는 내용. 골드만삭스 암호화폐 거래데스크: 골드만삭스가 암호화폐 거래 데스크 설립을 검토했다는 보도는 부정확하며, 규제 환경 불명확으로 계획이 사실상 없다는 취지의 답변. 향후 가능성은 열어둠. 다이먼의 입장 변화: 2017년 암호화폐를 '진짜 아니다'라고 했던 다이먼은 블록체인 기술은 실재하며 작동할 것이라고 봤지만, 암호화폐 자체는 뒷받침 가치가 없다고 평가. JPM코인: JP모건 코인은 JP모건 예금으로 뒷받침되는 토큰으로, 실시간 국제 송금과 결제 정산 속도 향상이 목적. 블록체인은 투명성이 높지만 보안과 허가형(permissioned) 접근이 필요하다는 설명. 소비자 보호와 수탁: 디지털 자산의 안전한 수탁(custody)에 대한 규제·가이드라인이 없어 BNY멜론도 규제 불명확성을 장애물로 지적. 자금세탁 방지(AML)와 고객확인(KYC)이 가장 큰 쟁점이라는 입장. 암호화폐 현 상황: 실제 화폐로서 가치 이동에 쓰이는 규모는 아직 미미하다는 평가. 출연자 전망: 특정 자산의 1~3개월 가격 방향 예측 발언은 없음.
다듬은 글
I want to focus on technology particularly certain sectors with the incredible power of modern computing in the internet we're entering into a new era of innovation. Currently, blockchain is transforming our financial systems, cybersecurity, and how entrepreneurs and startups are able to raise capital.
As the rest of the world speeds ahead to take advantage of this new technology, the U.S. is now lagging behind heavily due to regulatory certainty issues. The market needs to protect consumers and empower innovators and entrepreneurs.
My colleagues and I, including Josh Gottheimer, Tulsi Gabbard, Ted Budd, and others who aren't on the committee, Darren Soto and Scott Perry, introduced a bill yesterday that would provide the regulatory certainty the U.S. needs to take advantage of this thriving sector.
Mr. Solomon, I'm going to read an excerpt from an article that recently caught my attention. "Goldman Sachs planned to establish a crypto-focused unit by the end of 2018, as reported by Bloomberg in December last year. However, on September 5th, Business Insider reported that unnamed sources said the firm is scrapping crypto trading desk plans due to an unclear regulatory environment in the crypto industry."
Mr. Solomon, why did Goldman Sachs initially choose to open a crypto trading desk, and was the first article incorrect?
Like others, we were watching, exploring, and doing work to understand the cryptocurrency market as it develops. We have some clients who have certain functionality that we've engaged with them on, such as clearing physical futures. Other than that, we never had plans to open a cryptocurrency trading desk. We might at some point in time, but there's no question that when you're dealing with cryptocurrency, it's a new area with a lot of issues. It is unclear from a regulatory perspective, and it's not clear whether, in the long run as a currency, those technologies are going to work and be viable.
Clearly, some of the tokens that are issued are awaiting definition as to what will be a security, what is not a security, and what's the appropriate trading platform. There are a number of issues that our bill goes into, and frankly, even things that will need to be addressed after the work.
Mr. Dimon, in 2017 you called cryptocurrencies "not a real thing," but this year your firm unveiled JPM Coin and stated, "We are supportive of cryptocurrencies as long as they are properly controlled and regulated." Why the shift?
The blockchain is real. It's a technology, and a lot of people are using and testing it today, and we think it will work over time. But the part that's not real is the cryptocurrency. It's not supported by anything. There's no value behind it other than what the next person will pay for it, and they have serious issues with that.
JPM Coin is a token supported by a deposit at JP Morgan, so it can be shipped around the world in real time. It can carry a lot of data on it. You just put it into the pieces, and the second stone, one's cash, we can move the cash, so the settlements will happen almost instantaneously, and there will be a blockchain distributed ledger.
How will that facilitate better payment systems if it works correctly?
Well, the payment systems today do work, and they're very cheap, but the fact is this might be a faster way. It could be faster. It comes with data, and everyone would have the same data at the same time. So instead of suddenly calling each other's banks to confirm, the same thing happens: a shipment from Singapore, and we just go to the same screen and see it right away. That is the nature of the blockchain. It's inherently more transparent. Yes, it has to be secure, and in this case, it has to be permissioned, so not everyone accesses it, because we need real security around things like the movement of money.
Thank you very much. Now, we can't talk about a thriving new sector without discussing how to protect consumers. As the roles of banks evolve, secure custody of digital assets is essential. However, there's no regulation or guideline on who can be a qualified custodian for digital assets.
Mr. Sorensen, your policy regarding cryptocurrency on your website, BNY Mellon, states that "lack of regulatory clarity" is a barrier to providing custody for digital assets. Can you expand on this statement and highlight any other regulatory hurdles you're facing in this space?
Sure. I think, just as the website says, there is a lack of clarity, and I think that's one thing that stands in the way. Quite honestly, cryptocurrency users are very early in their existence. They're not significant today to speak of in terms of being used as a real currency to move value, so we're actively thinking about what we want to do. One of the biggest issues that we have relates to money laundering and KYC.
Thank you. My time has expired, so I yield back.
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